Jean-Baptiste Bernadottes Role in the Napoleonic Wars

Born at Pau, France on January 26, 1763, Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte was the son of Jean Henri and Jeanne Bernadotte. Raised locally, Bernadotte elected to pursue a military career rather than become a tailor like his father. Enlisting in the Rà ©giment de Royal-Marine on September 3, 1780, he initially saw service in Corsica and Collioure. Promoted to sergeant eight years later, Bernadotte attained the rank of sergeant major in February 1790. As the French Revolution gathered momentum, his career began to accelerate as well. A Rapid Rise to Power A skilled soldier, Bernadotte received a lieutenants commission in November 1791 and within three years was leading a brigade in General of Division Jean Baptiste Klà ©bers Army of the North. In this role he distinguished himself in General of Division Jean-Baptiste Jourdans victory at Fleurus in June 1794. Earning a promotion to general of division that October, Bernadotte continued to serve along the Rhine and saw action at Limburg in September 1796. The next year, he played a key role in covering the French retreat across the river after being defeated at the Battle of Theiningen. In 1797, Bernadotte left the Rhine front and led reinforcements to the aid of General Napoleon Bonaparte in Italy. Performing well, he received an appointment as ambassador to Vienna in February 1798. His tenure proved brief as he departed on April 15 following a riot associated with his hoisting of the French flag over the embassy. Though this affair initially proved damaging to his career, he restored his connections by marrying the influential Eugà ©nie Dà ©sirà ©e Clary on August 17. The former fiancà ©e of Napoleon, Clary was sister-in-law to Joseph Bonaparte. Marshal of France On July 3, 1799, Bernadotte was made Minister of War. Quickly showing administrative skill, he performed well until the end of his term in September. Two months later, he elected not to support Napoleon in the coup of 18 Brumaire. Though branded a radical Jacobin by some, Bernadotte elected to serve the new government and was made commander of the Army of the West in April 1800. With the creation of the French Empire in 1804, Napoleon appointed Bernadotte as one of the Marshals of France on May 19 and made governor of Hanover the following month. From this position, Bernadotte led I Corps during the 1805 Ulm Campaign which culminated with the capture of Marshal Karl Mack von Leiberichs army. Remaining with Napoleons army, Bernadotte and his corps were initially held in reserve during the Battle of Austerlitz on December 2. Entering the fray late in the battle, I Corps aided in completing the French victory. For his contributions, Napoleon created him Prince of Ponte Corvo on June 5, 1806. Bernadottes efforts for the remainder of the year proved rather uneven. A Star on the Wane Taking part in the campaign against Prussia that fall, Bernadotte failed to come to the support of either Napoleon or Marshal Louis-Nicolas Davout during the twin battles of Jena and Auerstà ¤dt on October 14. Severely reprimanded by Napoleon, he was nearly relieved of his command and was perhaps saved by his commanders former connection to Clary. Recovering from this failure, Bernadotte won a victory over a Prussian reserve force at Halle three days later. As Napoleon pushed into East Prussia in early 1807, Bernadottes corps missed the bloody Battle of Eylau in February. Resuming campaigning that spring, Bernadotte was wounded in the head on June 4 during fighting near Spanden. The injury forced him to turn command of I Corps over to General of Division Claude Perrin Victor and he missed the victory over the Russians at the Battle of Friedland ten days later. While recovering, Bernadotte was appointed governor of the Hanseatic towns. In this role he contemplated an expedition against Sweden but was forced to abandon the idea when sufficient transports could not be gathered. Joining Napoleons army in 1809 for the campaign against Austria, he took command of the Franco-Saxon IX Corps. Arriving to take part in the Battle of Wagram (July 5-6), Bernadottes corps performed poorly on the second day of fighting and withdrew without orders. While attempting to rally his men, Bernadotte was relieved of his command by an irate Napoleon. Returning to Paris, Bernadotte was entrusted with command of the Army of Antwerp and directed to defend the Netherlands against British forces during the Walcheren Campaign. He proved successful and the British withdrew later that fall. Crown Prince of Sweden Appointed governor of Rome in 1810, Bernadotte was prevented from assuming this post by an offer to become the heir of the King of Sweden. Believing the offer to be ridiculous, Napoleon neither supported nor opposed Bernadotte pursuing it. As King Charles XIII lacked children, the Swedish government began seeking an heir to the throne. Concerned about the military strength of Russia and wishing to remain on positive terms with Napoleon, they settled on Bernadotte who had shown battlefield prowess and great compassion to Swedish prisoners during earlier campaigns. On August 21, 1810, the Ãâ€"retro States General elected Bernadotte crown prince and named him head of the Swedish armed forces. Formally adopted by Charles XIII, he arrived in Stockholm on November 2 and assumed the name Charles John. Assuming control of the countrys foreign affairs, he began efforts to obtain Norway and worked to avoid being a puppet of Napoleon. Fully adopting his new homeland, the new crown prince led Sweden into the Sixth Coalition in 1813 and mobilized forces to battle his former commander. Joining with the Allies, he added resolve to the cause after twin defeats at Lutzen and Bautzen in May. As the Allies regrouped, he took command of the Northern Army and worked to defend Berlin. In this role he defeated Marshal Nicolas Oudinot at Grossbeeren on August 23 and Marshal Michel Ney at Dennewitz on September 6. In October, Charles John took part in the decisive Battle of Leipzig which saw Napoleon defeated and forced to retreat towards France. In the wake of the triumph, he began actively campaigning against Denmark with the goal of forcing it to cede Norway to Sweden. Winning victories, he achieved his objectives through the Treaty of Kiel (January 1814). Though formally ceded, Norway resisted Swedish rule requiring Charles John to direct a campaign there in the summer of 1814. King of Sweden With the death of Charles XIII on February 5, 1818, Charles John ascended to the throne as Charles XIV John, King of Sweden and Norway. Converting from Catholicism to Lutheranism, he proved a conservative ruler who became increasingly unpopular as time passed. Despite this, his dynasty remained in power and continued after his death on March 8, 1844. The current King of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf, is a direct descendent of Charles XIV John.

Stakeholder Analysis Cvs Health Essay - 712 Words

Stakeholder Analysis; CVS Health Inside CVS Health, there are many stakeholders that come into play and are effected by the new change. The employees, customers and clients, suppliers and venders, investors, and local communities, are the stakeholders that are involved with and are close to CVS Health. CVS Health believes that staying close and involving their stakeholders to their CSR strategy, will help them be successful. Having employees that help contribute to the purpose that CVS Health stands for, helps the consumers get on a path to better health, and also contributes to the local communities outside of work. I am going to select ‘employees’ as the stakeholder for this analysis. Employees are affected as stakeholders†¦show more content†¦The urgency for CVS Health on providing â€Å"best-in-class† workplace and career opportunities is low. CVS Health is really investing in their future workforce. From retail drugstore positions, to skilled healthcare professionals, they are really determined to meet their goals. The company is creating career growth programs from training, to leadership programs. They have designed health plans and wellness programs for employees. To help keep their focus of overall world health, they are reaching out not just to the consumers but to their employees. The opportunities and challenges that employees might present are when they think that their needs are not being met. Opportunities are for the business to build productive work relationships with the stakeholder (employee). Even though CVS Health is developing a system with all of the programs they have in place there is always something that can arise. Employees could feel that a certain need is not being met, and get together and boycott. This creates a potential threat for the company to acct immediately and try and resolve the problem. 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Response to The Graduate Essay Example For Students

Response to The Graduate Essay The Graduate is a good movie but not funny. It makes me think about my future. Suddenly, I have no idea about my life after graduation. This film tells something that graduate students may suffer. I do not know the answer to the future after I graduate, but I know the difficulties I have to face, and principles I have to insist. The Graduate tells the story of Ben. He does not like the environment of the parties that are held by his family members and their social circles. One of ladies of Ben’s parents’ friends, Mrs. Robinson, tries to seduce Ben. Ben has no idea about accepting or refusing the request of Mrs. Robinson. Then, Ben falls in love with Mrs. Robinson’s daughter. He is blackmailed into telling her about his affair with her mother, and in revulsion, the girl departs to Berkeley. Ben pursues her, and get her with his perseverance finally. The shot of Ben in a new scuba outfit walking into the family pool in front of his family members and friends of his parents is the best shot of the film. From Ben’s parents and other people’s view, the heavy outfit is a symbol just as education background of Ben. For this part, the director gives a long-shot of Ben. He stands in the deepest place in the house. People clap and commend to Ben. From Ben’s view, he can see but cannot hear anything clearly except for his heavy breathing. This shows people in the film that just see the bright future of Ben, but no one tries to care about the thought in Ben’s heart. These beautiful things to Ben are like heavy shackles which tie Ben. When Ben walks into the swimming pool, the world disappears and just leaves silence and blue. He enjoys standing at the bottom of the pool quietly and alone. However, he still has to leave his own world, and faces to good things and difficulties. I really love the shot. The shots of relationships between Ben and Mrs. Robinson are abundant but not lengthy. The director uses montage to connect different scenes. For example, Ben jumps into the swimming pool, actually, he jumps on the bed. And when Ben closes the door of the bathroom, the bathroom becomes a dinner where Ben’s parents are eating. The changes of scenes express the psychological changes of Ben, his confusion, hesitation, enjoyment, and guilt. About the behavior of Mrs. Robinson, it is hard to judge. She suffered during her youth, and she is confused now. At the end of the movie, Ben escapes from the church with Elaine successfully. At first, they laugh at the bus, then, smile to each other. Nevertheless, they claim in a short time, and become serious and a little flustered. Although, they think they get their happiness at this time, actually, the happiness is temporary and weak. Do they think about their future? Do they consider their relationship seriously? If the film has a follow-up sequel, Ben and Elaine might break up. Because they do not have enough common experiences to support their relationship which should keep for decades years. Also, they may suffer together, and build a really strong relationship, not just by excitement. In conclusion, it is a really good movie. The director of photography must be an amazing man. The writer of the film also builds an interesting but real story. The movie reflects real problems that the graduates have to face. The movie does not give solutions of the problems. Something is hard to get, unless people experience themselves. Otherwise, solutions, principles, and educational life experiences are just words in textbooks.